Social Fitness and Resilience : A Review of Relevant Constructs, Measures, and Links to Well-Being
Subyek
: Social Fitness and Resilience
Penerbit
: RAND Corporation
Ringkasan :Positive social connections, when established, can provide important social resources
that alter the way individuals experience and respond to stressful events or circumstances.
Military families face several unique challenges that can strain the strength and
accessibility of these social resources. This report examines several issues related to
social fitness.
Social fitness is defined as the combined resources a person gets from his or her
social world. This concept encompasses the availability and maintenance of social
relationships, and the ability to utilize those ties to manage stressors and successfully
perform tasks. Social fitness resources are the aspects of those relationships that
strengthen a person’s ability to withstand and rebound from challenges (e.g., stress,
threat, or disaster) or even grow from them.
The key resilience factor associated with social fitness is social support. Central
sources of social support for U.S. Airmen include family, friends, co-workers (including
military units), physical communities and neighborhoods, cyber communities, and
imagined communities (groups with which a person identifies and to which he or she
feels a sense of belonging even if he or she has never met others in the group). The
structure of one’s social networks can also be a source of social support. Social support
comes in three primary forms: emotional (e.g., having someone to talk to about
problems), instrumental (e.g., a loan, a ride to a doctor’s appointment), and informational
(e.g., knowledge about which companies are hiring). In this report, we identify several
specific scales and indexes used to measure such support. Social support can also be
either actual or perceived. In fact, there is some evidence that perceived support is more
influential on mental health than actual support.
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